What is dialysis?
Dialysis is a method of replacement therapy for chronic renal failure.
Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a nonspecific syndrome that develops as a result of the gradual loss of basic renal functions due to the development of renal tissue sclerosis against the background of various progressive kidney diseases.
Most primary and secondary kidney diseases can lead to the development of diffuse nephroangiosclerosis, manifested by the syndrome of chronic renal failure, the terminal stage of which inevitably leads to death, if the methods of renal replacement therapy (RRT) – hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or kidney transplantation – are not used.
Indications for hemodialysis procedure:
- violations of nitrogen balance – serum urea over 30 mmol / l, a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate for endogenous creatinine below 10 ml / min (in patients with diabetes mellitus below 15 ml / min);
- development of decompensated metabolic acidosis – capillary blood pH less than 7.35 standard bicarbonate (hereinafter – SB)
– below 20 mmol / l, deficiency of buffer bases (hereinafter – BE) – less – 10 mmol / l;
- hyperkalemia over 6.5 mmol / l;
- anuria for more than 24 hours;
- threatening clinical manifestations in the form of edema of the brain and lungs, uremic coma or pre-coma.
